China is the southern neighbour of Mongolia and shares the longest border with it. China also has a large influence on Mongolia's economy and culture.
Russia is the northern neighbour of Mongolia and shares the second longest border with it. Russia and Mongolia have a long history of political and military cooperation and friendship.
Kazakhstan is a landlocked country in Central Asia that lies west of Mongolia. Kazakhstan and Mongolia have similar natural landscapes and climates, and both are members of the Turkic Council.
Kyrgyzstan is a landlocked country in Central Asia that lies south-west of Mongolia. Kyrgyzstan and Mongolia share some cultural and linguistic ties, and both are mountainous and nomadic countries.
Tajikistan is a landlocked country in Central Asia that lies south of Kyrgyzstan and west of China. Tajikistan and Mongolia are both part of the SCO (Shanghai Cooperation Organisation) and have some trade and diplomatic relations.